Friday, September 30, 2005

The History of NFL Football

Baseball has always been known as “American’s Pastime.” However, a gander into American living rooms on a winter Sunday afternoon confirms that football is, in fact, “America’s Passion.”

From The Beginning

Football is a game that is uniquely American. Evolving from the sport of rugby, the first iteration of American football was born in a game between Rutgers and Princeton University using modified London Football Association rules in 1876. At this time, the game resembled a modified rugby rather than today’s football. A few years later, the Intercollegiate Football Association was formed by representatives from Rutgers, Princeton, Columbia, and Yale Universities. The rules for American football were written for the first time.

Yale University coach Walter Camp, who would become known as the father of modern American football, convinced the IFA to revise their rules. IFA called for fifteen-man teams, for example, while Camp preferred eleven. The playing field dimensions, non-existent before Camp, were limited to one hundred ten yards. Camp also introduced the system of downs used today. His influence would lead to the evolution into modern American football.

Although rules were in place, the game became increasingly brutal in the early 1900’s. So brutal, in fact, that some colleges banned its play. Eighteen deaths were attributed to playing football. President Theodore Roosevelt had to intervene and asked Princeton, Yale, and Harvard to reform the sport. The three schools, along with sixty others, met and appointed a seven-member Rules Committee. They also established what eventually became the National Collegiate Athletic Association, also known as the NCAA.

The committee established more rules to help evolve the sport and tone down the brutality. The forward pass was legalized, allowing an open style of play. Rough play was forbidden, as was the practice of teammates locking arms to clear running paths for ball carriers. The sixty-minute game clock was established, shortened from seventy minutes.

Football Becomes a Profession

In 1892, two rival athletic clubs from Pittsburgh would produce the first paid football player. The Allegheny Athletic Association (AAA) and the Pittsburgh Athletic Club (PAC) participated in a football contest. William “Pudge” Heffelfinger was paid $500 by AAA to play. AAA defeated PAC 4-0 after Pudge scored on a fumble recovery.

This would pave the way to the growth of American football as a profession. By 1920, there were ten professional football teams across the United States. Representatives from the teams met in Canton, Ohio and formed the American Professional Football Association (AFPA). The AFPA then became known as the National Football League (NFL). Further refinements to the rules made the game a true American sport.

Football started making its way into the collective consciousness of Americans. Franchises such as the Green Bay Packers and the Decatur Staleys, later renamed to the Chicago Bears, began drawing crowds. Red Grange, the first bona-fide NFL superstar, drew record crowds as large as 36,000 people to New York Giants games. The NFL divided into two divisions, with the first NFL Championship being played in 1933. In 1936, teams began a system to draft collegiate players.

With the ballooning popularity of American football, rival leagues began to sprout. The upstart leagues came and went, including several iterations of the American Football League. However, under Lamar Hunt, the AFL flourished. The NFL and the AFL fought to bring the best players, television contracts, and other perks to its respective league.

The Modern NFL is Born

The late 1960’s was a momentous time in American football history. In 1966, under the leadership of Pete Rozelle, the NFL and AFL agreed to merge, forming the modern National Football League. Beginning in January 1967, the leagues agreed to play an annual AFL-NFL World Championship game. The first game between the AFL and NFL was played between the Green Bay Packers and Kansas City Chiefs. In the same year, they also agreed to the first interleague draft of collegiate players.

Today’s NFL actually began in 1970. Two conferences were created and reflected the heritage of both leagues; namely, the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC). From there, the two conferences would pit its two best teams against each other in a championship game, later known as the Super Bowl. The league consisted of 26 teams.

The NFL Today

Today, the National Football League is a multi-billion dollar operation, and is widely recognized as the best-run league in all of sports. Every Sunday and Monday night, millions of Americans participate in gatherings of varying sizes to cheer on their favorite football team. From a living room get-together among close friends to a full-blown stadium tailgate party, the NFL is a sporting event in its purest form. Technology advances such as cable television have allowed football to permeate homes around the world.

Franchises were bought and sold for as little as $50 in the 1920’s. Revenues from ticket sales, merchandising, television contracts, and advertising have propelled today’s franchise values to almost one billion dollars.

Professional games were once played on open fields. Multi-purpose stadiums that hosted football, baseball, and soccer games then dotted the NFL landscape in the 1970’s and 1980’s. Most have been demolished in favor of football-only facilities. Today, state-of-the-art stadiums seating up to 90,000 fans make going to the game a true multi-sensory experience. Luxury suites, upscale restaurants, and cigar bars are the norm rather than the exception. Some stadiums today even have retractable roofs.

Super Bowl Sunday has become an unofficial American holiday. Every January, and sometimes early February, millions of people around the world tune in to watch two of the best football teams in the NFL battle for the Vince Lombardi Trophy. The game has become a spectacle inside and outside of the host city. It is broadcast on television and radio in dozens of languages.

American football grew from its roots of soccer and rugby. From the humble beginnings of inter-college games, the sport has become one of the most widely-watched around the world. With constant innovations on and off the field, American football shows no signs of slowing down.

Discuss the History of Football in the Sports Chat Football Forums.

Thursday, September 29, 2005

The Birth of Baseball -- Cooperstown or Beachville?

One of the more interesting and disputed aspects of baseball history is the period prior to 1845 -- the year in which Alexander Cartwright officially invented the rules of modern baseball and organized the first game using those rules.

The most widespread belief holds that Abner Doubleday was the true creator of the “American pastime” and held the first recorded baseball game in Cooperstown, New York in 1839.

Although most historians now discard this theory as a folktale based solely on a letter written by one of Doubleday’s schoolmates, it has a sentimental value that many Americans find attractive. After all, Cooperstown is the home of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

To suggest another city may have given birth to the game is strangely unnatural. To suggest another country may be responsible for such an integral part of the traditional American identity as baseball nears heresy.

Yet that’s exactly the claim made by a small town in Canada.

Beachville, Ontario may look inconspicuous enough -- its easygoing lifestyle a useful disguise and its famous limestone quarry a handy distraction -- but below the surface you’ll find a town both proud and assured of its place in baseball history.

According to a letter written to Philadelphia’s Sporting Life magazine by an American physician named Adam Ford, Beachville actually held the first baseball game in North America in 1938. If the claim is true, as the Beachville District Museum passionately argues, the Beachville game bests the Doubleday’s affair by a year.

Canadian baseball fans take infinite joy in rubbing this in the noses of their American neighbours -- even though calling Beachville the birthplace of baseball is only slightly less dodgy than touting Cooperstown.

The truth is that baseball evolved from several English games, including cricket, over a period of at least half a decade. If any nation can assert it gave birth to baseball it’s neither the Americans nor the Canadians, but the English.

So, for the sake of North American pride, it's a good thing the English hate the great American game.

Monday, September 19, 2005

Bears Look Sharp in Home Opener

Like most Bears fans, I'm sure I'm still in a little shock over the beating the Bears handed the Lions yesterday afternoon.

The Chicago Bears put 38 points on the board and actually pulled their starting QB (Ortman) because the Bears were so far ahead they were no longer worried about losing the game. That's not a typo - THE CHICAGO BEARS ACTUALLY PUT 38 POINTS ON THE BOARD! They haven't done that since back in the early 90's...93 if my memory is correct.

A couple things really stood out yesterday and made me thing about a few things.

Cedric who? Thomas Jones is a stud. The guy can run it right up the gut, catch passes with the best of them and has some moves that made Detroit look plain silly yesterday. I know Chicago shelled out some serious $ for Benson but In my opinion he needs to win a spot on the field. Not giving Jones the play time he deserves would be a crime in my opinion.

Ortman had a solid game yesterday too. I'm really impresses with this young QB. He stands his ground in the pocket and doesn't panic when every form of blitz known to man gets thrown at him. He ever stands in there and takes a hit when need be. He has leadership qualities, and the offense has his back and he's earned their respect. Makes me wonder how much longer the coaching staff will keep spouting crap like "Grossman is our future and the starting job is his". Grossman has yet to much of anything in the NFL because of all the injuries. Just like Benson, I think the Bears need to make Grossman earn a spot on the field.

The Bears defense was solid - that's not a big surprise. I, and just about every other Bears fan you there, expects the Bears to put a solid defensive unit on the field. In both games this year the Bears D has locked the opposing team down. The Bears defense even did a great job in their week 1 loss...it was the offense that put up baseball game like scores.

I know it's early but I like the way things are looking for the Bears. With a division that includes the Packers, Vikings and Detroit - all of which are not looking like playoff caliber teams - the Bears might actually have a shot at the post season this year.

Stop in the football forums and discuss how your team performed in week 2 of the NFL season.

Sunday, September 04, 2005

2006 Superbowl Predictions

With the official start of the NFL season right around the corner it's time to make your prediction for the 2006 Superbowl participants, and, the winner.

Make your predictions in our football forum in the 2006 NFL Superbowl Predictions thread.

It's still early (really early) but right now the voting has the Eagles and Chiefs in the front running.